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Aperçu du document
security research PrOJects
under the 7th Framework Programme for Research
investing into security
research for the benefits
of european citizens
September 2011
European Commission
Enterprise and Industry
SECURITY RESEARCH
Further information available at: http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/security/index_en.htm
cataloguing data can be found at the end of this publication.
—
Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on its behalf may
be held responsible for the use to which information contained in this publication may be put,
nor for any errors which may appear despite careful preparation and checking. The publication
does not necessarily reflect thw view or the position of the European Union.
© european union, 2011
isBN 978-92-79-20423-4
doi:10.2769/22467
Reproduction is authorised, provided the source is acknowledged,
save where otherwise stated.
For use/reproduction of third-party material specified as such permission must be obtained form the
copyright holder(s).
Cover page photo: © Karika - high-tech technology background - 12199091
ENTERPRISE & INDUSTRY MAGAZINE
The Enterprise & Industry online magazine (http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/magazine/index_en.htm)
covers issues related to SMEs, innovation, entrepreneurship, the single market for goods, competitiveness
and environmental protection, better regulation, industrial policies across a wide range of sectors, and more.
The printed edition of the magazine is published three times a year. You can subscribe online
(http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/e_i/subscription_en.htm) to receive it – in English, French
or German - free of charge by post.
2
INTRODUCTION
Under its wider R&D budget for
2007-2013 – known as the Seventh Framework Programme for
Research (FP7) – the EU is investing EUR 1.4 billion for security research. This catalogue presents
an exhaustive overview of all
projects currently supported by
FP7’s Security Research budget
as of July 2011.
Europe has never been so peacefully consolidated or prosperous,
yet it is also vulnerable to threats
such as terrorism, organised
crime and natural disasters. Making Europe more secure and resilient for its citizens and critical
infrastructures, while strengthening its SMEs and industrial
competitiveness is the goal of
Security Research. To date a significant proportion of the committed budget (> 22%) is going
to SMEs. By stimulating research
and innovation – and promoting direct cooperation between
providers and end-users of security equipments, systems and
knowledge – the EU can better
understand and prepare itself to
face risks and disruptive events
in a constantly changing world.
The evolving nature of security
implies many new challenges. To
strengthen the respect of fundamental human rights, including
privacy, research into the preparedness and response of society
to potential or actual threats
and crises is essential. Thus, it is
© Fotolia
Investing into security research
for the benefits of European citizens,
critical infrastructures, SMEs and industry.
promising to see that European
Security Research eff orts in this
area have increased substantially
in the last few years, as readily
seen in the below catalogue of
FP7 projects.
These projects cover the entire
range of FP7’s Security theme, including advanced research into
the societal dimension of security, protection of citizens against
chemical, biological, radiological,
nuclear and explosive (CBRNE)
materials or man-made and natural events, critical infrastructure
protection, crisis management
capabilities, intelligent maritime
and land border surveillance, prestandardisation and the interoperability of systems.
Further information is available at:
http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/security/index_en.htm
Prepared by the European Commission, Directorate-general Enterprise and Industry, Unit H4 Security Research and Development,
E-mail: entr-security-research@ec.europa.eu
1
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Table of contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Security of the citizens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
BIO-PROTECT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
CAPER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
CBRNEmap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
COCAE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
CommonSense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
CONPHIRMER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
CUSTOM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
DIRAC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
HEMOLIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
INDECT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
LOTUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
MiDAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
ODYSSEY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
OPTIX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
PREVAIL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
RAPTOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
SALIANT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
SAVEMed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
SCIIMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
TWOBIAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
UNCOSS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Security of infrastructures and utilities . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
ADABTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
ARENA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
BASYLIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
COPRA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
DEMASST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
DESURBS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
EMILI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
EURACOM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
iDetecT 4ALL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
INFRA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
ISTIMES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
MOSAIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
NI2S3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
PROTECTRAIL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
RIBS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
SAMURAI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
SECTRONIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
SECUR-ED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
SeRoN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
SESAME . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
STAR-TRANS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
SUBITO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
TASS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
VITRUV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Intelligent surveillance and border security . . . . . . . . . . 94
AMASS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
ARGUS 3D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
CASSANDRA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
EFFISEC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
GLOBE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
I2C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
IMCOSEC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
LOGSEC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
OPARUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
PERSEUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
SEABILLA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
SUPPORT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
TALOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
VIRTUOSO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
WIMA²S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Restoring security and safety in case of crisis . . . . . . . . 124
A4A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ACRIMAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
AntiBotABE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
BOOSTER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
BRIDGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
COPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CRISIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CRISYS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DECOTESSC1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
E-SPONDER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ESS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
FASTID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
FRESP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IDIRA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IMSK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
INDIGO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
L4S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
MULTIBIODOSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Multisense Chip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Opti-Alert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PANDORA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PLANTFOODSEC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PRACTICE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SecurEau . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SECURENV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SGL for USaR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SICMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SPIRIT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
124
126
128
130
132
134
136
138
140
142
144
146
148
150
152
154
156
158
160
162
164
166
168
170
172
174
176
178
Security systems integration, interconnectivity
and interoperability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
CREATIF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DITSEF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
EULER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
HELP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SECRICOM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
VIDEOSENSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
180
182
184
186
188
190
Security and society . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
ADDPRIV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
BeSeCu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CAST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
COMPOSITE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CPSI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CrisComScore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DESSI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DETECTER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
EUSECON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
FESTOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
FOCUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
FORESEC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
INEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SAFE-COMMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SAFIRE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SAPIENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SIAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SMART . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ValueSec . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
192
194
196
198
200
202
204
206
208
210
212
214
216
218
220
222
224
226
228
Security Research coordination and structuring . . . . . . 230
CRESCENDO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ESC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ESCoRTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
EU-SEC II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
NMFRDisaster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
OPERAMAR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
OSMOSIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SecureCHAINS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SEREN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SEREN2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
STRAW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
230
232
234
236
238
240
242
244
246
248
250
3
SECURITY RESEARCH
Security of the Citizens
BIO-PROTECT / Ionisation-based detector of airborne bio-agents,
© kentoh - Fotolia.com
viruses and toxins for fast-alert and identification
Project objectives
The malevolent use of Anthrax spores on
civilians in 2001 has shown the necessity
to protect citizens from criminal use of biological agents. The success of such attack
depends on sufficient concentration of
pathogens in a defined area.
Detecting pathogenous bacteria, spores and
viruses must be accomplished by triggering
short-term alarm and identification of the
type of threat.
Since most the bio sensors available today
are laboratory bound or require special
equipment which needs training as well as
experience, new systems are needed.
The concept of BIO-PROTECT is the development of a fast-alert, easy-to-use device
for detection and identification of airborne
bacteria, spores, viruses and toxins. It is
based on bioaerosol detection by fluorescence, scattering and background aerosol
measurement followed by ionisation of air
flow and analysis of the spectrum of relative
speed of passage, enabling identification of
biological agents.
Description of the work
The work in BIO-PROTECT will be structured
in several technical Work Packages, addressing the following activities:
4
BIO-PROTECT
1. Development of a bio-agent detection
system based on a miniaturised GC-IMS
(Gas Chromatograph - Ion Mobility Spectrometry) instrument able to identify and
separate extremely small amounts of a
wide range of organic molecules resulting of heat-decomposed organic matter.
2. Integration of a particle size analyser which
constantly monitors the ambient air, thus
triggering a measurement if a sudden
change in particle size and/or density
occurs.
3. Improvement and integration of a continuously operating bioaerosol detector
measuring fluorescence, scattering and
background aerosol properties to detect
presence of potentially harmful biological
agents in ambient air and to trigger further
identification.
4. Research and development of a combined
pre-concentration and pyrolysis unit for
use with a GC-IMS, that can separate all
types of bio-agents from aerosols. The target is to detect bio-agent concentrations
likely to infect or intoxicate.
5. Development of pattern analysis software
for the interpretation of the acquired spectra, thereby identifying bio-agents and
distinguishing them from background
bacteria.
Expected results
The development of the proposed device
will provide security personnel with a viable
tool to take fast effective countermeasures
on biological threats. This will drastically
reduce the potential impact of terrorist aggressions or accidental release of bio-agents
from laboratories, as well as detect spreading
of pathogenic microorganisms in the food
producing industry or in hospitals.
This breakthrough would lead to technological advantage and favour leadership of
European industry in this field.
Information
Acronym :
BIO-PROTECT
Grant Agreement N° :
242306
Total Cost :
€ 3,954,812
EU Contribution :
€ 3,125,577
Starting Date :
01/06/2010
Coordinator :
LGI CONSULTING
37, Rue de la Grange aux Belles
75010 Paris
France
—
Contact :
Vincent Chauvet
Tel : (+33) (0) 67539 8727
Fax : (+33) (0) 80074 1853
E-mail : vincent.chauvet@lgi-consulting.com
Duration :
36 months
Partners
NAME
LGI Consulting
AVSISTA
C-Tech Innovation Ltd
Environics Oy
CEA
Institut für Umwelt Technologien GmbH
COUNTRY
France
Lithuania
United Kingdom
Finland
France
Germany
Robert-Koch Institut
Germany
University of Aalborg
Denmark
BIO-PROTECT
5
SECURITY RESEARCH
Security of the Citizens
CAPER / Collaborative information, Acquisition, Processing, Exploitation
© Louise Gagnon - Fotolia.com
and Reporting for the prevention of organised crime
Project objectives
Description of the work
The goal of the CAPER project is to create
a common platform for the prevention of
organised crime through sharing, exploitation and analysis of Open, and optionally,
Closed information sources. CAPER will support collaborative multilingual analysis of audiovisual content (video, audio, speech and
images) and biometrics information, supported by Visual Analytics and Data Mining
technologies. The integration of database
technologies (ETL), application workflow and
Semantic Modelling of processes, legal and
privacy limitations, will permit participating
LEAs to share information, investigative and
experiential knowledge. The CAPER platform
will be built in close collaboration with the
LEA users in order to fulfil their current and
forthcoming needs. The project is clearly
focused on the fusion and real validation
of the existing state of the art, coupled with
innovative new technologies, to solve current bottlenecks faced by LEAs.
The CAPER platform will consist of six core
elements:
Open and Closed Data Sources: Multiformat, Multimedia and multimodal information from Open Sources, TV and Radio
capture, and Information in closed legacy
systems are the data sources to be mined
and evaluated by CAPER
Data Acquisition: Depending on the information source type, different acquisition
patterns will be applied to ensure acquired
information is the richest possible and has
a suitable format for analysis.
Information Analysis: Each analysis module is geared towards a specific content type,
i.e. Text, Image, Video, Audio and Speech or
Biometric data.
Information and Reference Repositories: Both, source data when required, and
the information mined by the information
analysis modules will be stored in these repositories, separated by content type.
Interoperability and Management Application: This is the end users’ workbench.
To be built on a web based collaborative
platform, it will allow the Law Enforcement
Officers to create and configure their monitoring requests and analysis petitions.
6
CAPER
Visual Analytics (VA) and Data Mining
(DM): Grouped under the management application, the VA and DM elements are key
components of the CAPER platform, since
they will provide the intelligence necessary
to support the outputs of the system.
Expected results
CAPER will support multilingual content
analysis from its inception. Its focus will be
on the acquisition of information from the
Internet, Mass Media and existing LEA information systems. CAPER will include workflow
and management applications to allow inter
agency and transnational collaboration. The
CAPER acquisition and analysis modules will
be autonomous and deployable as a geographically distributed system. This provides
both technical and operational benefits. CAPER will also comply with present European
instruments for Freedom, Security and Justice by addressing the priorities 7 and 8 of
The Hague programme.
Information
Acronym :
CAPER
Grant Agreement N° :
261712
Total Cost :
€ 7,157,120
EU Contribution :
€ 5,579,346
Starting Date :
1st of June 2011
Duration :
36 months
Coordinator :
S21Sec Information Security Labs S.L.
R&D
Parque empresarial la Muga, 11 1a planta
31160 Orkoien
Spain
—
Contact :
Carlos MONREAL
Tel : +34948100013
Mobile : +34 607 370 017
Fax : +34948336930
E-mail : cmonreal@s21sec.com
Website : http://www.s21sec.com/
Partners
NAME
COUNTRY
S21Sec Information Security Labs S.L. (S21sec)
Spain
Asociación Centro de Tecnologías de Interacción Visual y Comunicaciones Vicomtech (VICOM)
Spain
Fraunhofer – Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandt (IGD)
Germany
Synthema (Synthema)
Italy
VOICEINTERACTION – Tecnologias de Processamento de Fala, S.A. (VI)
Portugal
ALTIC
France
Technion – Israel Institute of Technology (Technion)
Israel
Angel Iglesias S.A.- IKUSI (IKUSI)
Spain
Alma Consulting Group SAS (Alma)
France
Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche - Institute for Informatics and Telematica (IIT)
Italy
Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona (UAB)
Spain
Studio Professionale Associato a Baker & McKenzie (BAK)
Italy
Ministero dell’Interno - Servizio Polizia Postale e delle Comunicazioni
(Postal and Communications Police Service) (PCPS)
Italy
Serviciul de Informaţii Externe (External Intelligence Service) (SIE)
Romania
Polìcia Judiciària (Judicial Police) (PJ)
Portugal
Guardia Civil (Civil Guard) (GC)
Spain
CAPER
7
SECURITY RESEARCH
Security of the Citizens
© Morane- Fotolia.com
CBRNEmap / Road-mapping study of CBRNE demonstrator
Project objectives
Description of the work
Expected results
The objectives of CBRNEmap are to:
CBRNEmap will address the cross-cutting
activity required to develop a CBRNE Demonstrator using a holistic approach that puts
end-users, industrialists and other stakeholders together with members of the S&T
community in the forefront of development.
CBRNEmap will prioritise demonstration tasks
based on systematic analysis of end-user
requirement and comprehensive reviews
of available CBRNE S&T investments. The
final road-map will be developed for an optimised demonstration programme based on
a Concept Development & Experimentation
(CD&E) approach. Interlinked with developing the road-map for the CBRNE demonstrator is the analysis of gaps and needs in CBRNE
research.
»»Develop a technological road-map for
investments in research and technology
developments that result in 1 to 3 demonstrator topics to be realised in phase 2
Demonstration Programme.
»»Develop and achieve a broad stakeholder
consensus on the CBRNEmap Road-map.
»»Identify a stakeholder supported suggestion for future research investments.
CBRNEmap will evaluate the complex matrix
of temporal events (before, during and after),
against sectors (such as law enforcement,
civil protection,rescue and health together
with such processes as border control, and
mass transport), and will take into consideration that each of the letters ‘CBRNE’, may have
its own aspects of vulnerabilities, priorities
and possible solutions.
These generic needs will be matched by
advanced technological solutions that will
be integrated at the system of systems level
to become the CBRNE Demonstrator.
8
CBRNEmap
Information
Acronym :
CBRNEmap
Grant Agreement N° :
242338
Total Cost :
€ 1,662,022
EU Contribution :
€ 1,376,185
Starting Date :
01/06/2010
Coordinator :
European CBRNE center at Umeå University
KBC Building
90187 UMEA
Sweden
—
Contact :
Agneta H. Plamboeck
E-mail : Agneta.Plamboeck@cbrnecenter.eu
Website : http://http://www.cbrnemap.org/
Duration :
16 months
Partners
NAME
European CBRNE Center
Police National CBRN Centre
National Institute for NBC Protection
Robert Koch Institute
COUNTRY
Sweden
Great Britain
Czech Republic
Germany
DGA Maîtrise NRBC
France
Lindholmen Science Park
Sweden
French High Committee for Civilian Defence
France
Compagnie Industrielle des Lasers
France
European Aeronautic and Space Company
Germany
FOI
Sweden
Foundation for Strategic Research
France
Istituto Affari Internazionali
Selex Galileo
Catholic University of Louvain
Italy
Italy
Belgium
CBRNEmap
9
SECURITY RESEARCH
Security of the Citizens
© COCAE
COCAE / Cooperation across Europe for Cd(Zn)Te based security
Project objectives
Technology challenges
Fixed and portable detectors are usually used
to detect, locate and identify radioactive and
nuclear material at the checkpoints such as
those at road and rail boarder crossings, airports
or seaports. After a first alarm signal, a secondary inspection must be performed. Handheld
detectors are then used to distinguish the innocent and false alarm from the real alarms.
Hundreds of innocent alarms may take place
per day at the boarder control from the portal
detectors.
»»The growth of high purity, detector grade
»»To make spectroscopic measurements
with efficiency equivalent to that of NaI
detectors and energy resolution close to
that of HPGe devices but without using
cryogenic systems.
»»To find the direction and the distance of
the radioactive source.
»»To localize the source into a cargo
Cd(Zn)Te crystals. Their performance will be
optimized by material purification, selection
of right dopants and post-growth processing to obtain high resistivity, high transport
properties and homogeneous distribution
of these material properties in the grown
crystals. The growth of crystals with a diameter up to 75 mm will be performed.
»»The fabrication of pixel detectors having
structure of p-n and Schottky diodes. This
will permit the application of bias voltage
high enough to collect all the induced
charge by both electrons and holes.
»»The design of pixel electronics capable for
simultaneous imaging and spectroscopy.
The electronics will be bump bonded to
the pixel detectors. This is essential for the
localization and the identification of the
radioactive source.
»»The construction of a portable instrument
having a stack of detecting elements.
This will allow to exploit the Compton Effect
for the localization of the radioactive source
and also to have variable detection efficiency.
Expected results
Measurements performed by the now available detectors cannot distinguish between a
small activity radioactive source placed close
to the cargo external surfaces and a high activity shield source placed in the middle of the
cargo. The proposed detector has the unique
ability to give information about the spatial
distribution of the radioactive contamination
and to detect the existence of a shielding
material around the source. At the same time
it will gather a high-resolution gamma ray
spectrum to identify the radioisotopes case
the alarm. Using this information it will be
able to estimate the source activity.
»»To work at a wide range of absorbed dose
rates by adjusting the effective volume of
the detector.
© COCAE
The above capabilities will improve the quality
of the data gathered by the customs officers
during the routine inspections at the boarders
and will assist the first responders in case of a
radiological or nuclear emergency to estimate
the exact situation.
10
COCAE
Information
Acronym :
COCAE
Grant Agreement N° :
218000
Total Cost :
€ 2,653,077
Coordinator :
TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTE
OF HALKIDA (TEI)
Thesi Skliro
34400 Psahna-Evia
Greece
—
EU Contribution :
€ 2,037,610
Starting Date :
01/09/2008
Contact :
Dr. Charalambos Lambropoulos
Tel : +30-22280-99631
Fax : +30-22280-23766
E-mail : lambrop@teihal.gr
Duration :
36 months
Partners
NAME
COUNTRY
Technological Educational Institute of Halkida (TEI)
Greece
Greek Atomic Energy Commission
Greece
Institute of Nuclear Physics, National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos
Greece
Oy Ajat Ltd
Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum, Albert Ludwigs Universität
Finland
Germany
Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Departemento de Fisica de Materiales
Spain
Riga Technical University
Latvia
V.E. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Ukraine
Chernivtsi Yuri Fedkovych National University
Ukraine
COCAE
11
SECURITY RESEARCH
Security of the Citizens
CommonSense / Development of a Common Sensor Platform
© Created by Hugh Doyle, Tyndall National Insitute, 2011
for the Detection of IED “Bomb Factories”
Project objectives
The detection of chemical explosives is crucial
for homeland security, environmental cleaning,
and humanitarian efforts. Chemical explosives
encompass a variety of compounds, with different vapour pressures, solubilities and chemical reactivities, broad-class detection a serious
challenge. While many sensing methods currently exist, none is ideal. Principal deficiencies include lack of portability, a susceptibility
to false positive results due to environmental
contaminants or false negative results to interfering compounds. The need exists for a single
distributed network, with a common interface
and communications protocol, to manage and
communicate with a variety of different sensor
technologies, and use the combined sensor
data to produce clear results with low false
positive/negative readings. The objective of
the CommonSense project is to create and
demonstrate such a single distributed network,
with common interface and communications
protocols, to manage and communicate with a
variety of different sensor technologies, and use
the combined sensor data to produce clear results with low false positive/negative readings.
Description of the work
The work plan for the CommonSense project
is divided into five complementary technical
work packages:
Design and Specification
At the start of the project, the partners will
specify target IED analytes, detection limits
and test conditions relevant to end users.
12
CommonSense
Specification of the common testing and
benchmarking procedures, operating protocols, network architectures and communications protocols will also be carried out.
Materials Development and Characterisation
A variety of novel molecular, polymeric and
nanostructured sensor materials will be developed and characterised with respect to
their optoelectrical and photophysical properties, especiallytheir response to sub-ppb
(gas phase) and sub-ppm (liquid) levels of
explosive compounds.
Sensor Development
Development of the sensor modules will
be carried out at separate partner sites for
initial testing and characterisation. A variety
of different electrical, opto-electrical and
opto-electrochemical devices for gas- and
water-phase detection of IED analytes will
be developed. A series radiation detection
modules will also be developed.
Software Development and Networking
This WP focuses on the development of the
common network platform for control and
communication of the sensor modules. Driver
software for control and read-out from different sensor types will be done at partner sites
prior to integration with the network and the
chemometric “learning” algorithms.
Integration, Testing and Industrial Validation
The final WP focuses on the integration of the
sensor modules and quantitative testing and
validation of the performance of the sensor
modules. The final testing and assessment
will be carried out in a “real-world” proving
ground.
These are supported by two non-technical
work packages focusing on dissemination
& exploitation of project results and project
management.
Expected results
The expected results from the project are:
1. Development of modules for gas-phase
detection of explosives with ppb sensitivity
2. Development of modules for water-phase
detection of explosives with sub-ppm
sensitivity.
3. Development of a small form factor low
power gamma radiation sensor with
<10% energy resolution and an energy
range of 60keV to 2MeV.
4. Development of an intelligent learning
network, using chemometric algorithm
to teach itself to detect explosives and
ignore interferents.
Information
Acronym :
CommonSense
Grant Agreement N° :
261809
Total Cost :
€ 4,768,992
EU Contribution :
€ 3,404,935
Starting Date :
01/01/2011
Duration :
36 months
Coordinator :
UNIVERSITY COLLEGE CORK,
NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF IRELAND, CORK
Tyndall National Institute
Western Road
Cork
Ireland
—
Contact :
Hugh Doyle
Tel : +353 (0)21 490 4177
Fax : +353 (0)21 490 4058
E-mail : info@fp7projectcommonsense.eu
Website : www.fp7projectcommonsense.eu
Partners
NAME
University College Cork, National University of Ireland, Cork
Technion - Israel Institute Of Technology
COUNTRY
Ireland
Israel
The University Of Manchester
United Kingdom
Alphasense Limited
United Kingdom
Bundesanstalt Fuer Materialforschung und Pruefung
SensL Technologies Limited
Thales Communications S.A.
Police Service of Northern Ireland
Germany
Ireland
France
United Kingdom
CommonSense
13
SECURITY RESEARCH
Security of the Citizens
CONPHIRMER / Counterfeit Pharmaceuticals Interception using
© istockphoto.com
Radiofrequency Methods in Realtime
Project objectives
The members of the CONPHIRMER consortium
have come together to create a portable and
easy-to-use sensor for telling genuine medicines from fakes, which customs officers and
other agents of law enforcement can use without having to remove the medicines from their
packaging. With this device agencies charged
with tackling the growing menace of the trafficking in counterfeit medicines will be able to
screen packaged pharmaceuticals at EU borders and airports quickly and accurately, using
a non-invasive and non-destructive technology
that uses only harmless radio waves.
Description of the work
The consortium will be utilizing a form of radio
frequency spectroscopy known as Quadrupole Resonance (QR). This technology has
been developed and deployed for the detection of concealed explosives and landmines
and is considered human safe.
14
CONPHIRMER
QR is a radiofrequency (RF) spectroscopic
technique that can detect signals through
multiple layers of cardboard, glass, plastic
and/or wood. QR can analyse any compound containing a quadrupolar nucleus,
which accounts for over 50% of elements
in the periodic table, and, in particular, it is
ideally suited for the analysis of compounds
containing nitrogen, chlorine or bromine,
sodium and potassium, which includes over
80% of all drugs.
The consortium will develop a portable
QR-based medicines authentication device
tailored to the needs of customs officers operating at EU borders in parallel with identifying the QR characteristics of medicines that
afford the best discrimination between real
and fake medicines. QR “fingerprints” based
on these key characteristics will be put together to form a database that will be of use
not only on the CONPHIRMER device, but in
all analytical applications of QR for medicines
authentication.
Expected results
A robust, economical, user-friendly and portable prototype system for the non-invasive,
non-destructive and highly-specific testing
of packaged pharmaceutical products will
be produced. The system will quickly give
an operator an answer to whether or not
a medicine under transport matches that
listed on the manifest.
Quadrupole fingerprints of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and pill formulations will be generated and built up into
a database pre-loaded onto the device.
Information
Acronym :
CONPHIRMER
Grant Agreement N° :
261670
Total Cost :
€ 3,794,807.80
Coordinator :
KING’S COLLEGE LONDON
Engineering
Strand
WC2R 2LS London
United Kingdom
—
EU Contribution :
€ 2,634,489
Starting Date :
01/07/2011
Duration :
36 months
Contact :
Kaspar Althoefer
Tel : +44 (0)20 7848 2431
Mobile : +44 (0)77 888 7 555 3
Fax : +44 (0)20 7848 2932
E-mail : k.althoefer@kcl.ac.uk
Website : www.conphirmer.eu
Partners
NAME
COUNTRY
King’s College London (KCL)
United Kingdom
French-German Research Institute of Saint-Louis (ISL)
France/Germany
University of Ljubljana (IMFM)
Slovenia
Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School (IPS)
Slovenia
University of Lund (ULund)
Sweden
Rapiscan Systems Ltd (RSL)
United Kingdom
Polish Customs Service (PCS)
Poland
CONPHIRMER
15
SECURITY RESEARCH
Security of the Citizens
CUSTOM / Drugs and precursor sensing by complementing low cost
© morrbyte - Fotolia.com
multiple techniques
Project objectives
Description of the work
Expected results
The project aims to develop a chemical sensor able to perform chemical identifications
in contexts such as custom offices, where
inspection of trucks, cars, containers, as well
as people and baggage is required, in order
to control the distribution of illegal narcotics
and synthetic substances as pseudoephedrine and ephedrine.
A drug precursor sensor demonstrator, implementing two main techniques will be
developed:
The sensor will be able to detect Drug Precursor such as ephedrine, P2P, BMK, Acetic
anhydride and Phenylacetic acid and others
compound with a screening time of 10 seconds and a sensitivity of 50ppm.
The detection approach should use established techniques so that it can provide
unambiguous response.
The project will focus on employing multiple
techniques, integrating them in a complex
system in a complimentary approach, in
order to identify an optimum trade-off between opposite requirements: compactness,
simplicity, low cost vs. sensitivity, low false
alarm rate, selectivity.
16
CUSTOM
»»a low cost, high data throughput sensing
technique, based on UV-Vis-NIR fluorescence which incorporates an array of different properly engineered chemical proteins
able to bind the target analytes as happen
in an ‘immuno-type’ reaction; and
»»a highly sensitive and selective, compact
and low weight, spectroscopic sensing
technique in Mid-IR optical range, based on
Laser Photo-Acoustic Spectroscopy (LPAS).
Parallel efforts will be spent on: identifying
proper sampling techniques both for vapour and powder phase compounds; collecting or, where not existing, building-up
a database of characteristic spectra for both
measurement techniques.
Information
Acronym :
CUSTOM
Coordinator :
SELEX SISTEMI INTEGRATI
Grant Agreement N° :
242387
Total Cost :
€ 5,295,523
EU Contribution :
€ 3,486,406
—
Contact :
Anna Maria Fiorello
Tel : + 39 (0)6 4150 3104
Mobile: + 39 3351379733
E-mail : afiorello@selex-si.com
Website : www.selex-si.com
Starting Date :
01/06/2010
Duration :
36 months
Partners
NAME
SELEX Sistemi Integrati
COUNTRY
Italy
GASERA
Finland
University of TURKU
Finland
INAS-Tecnalia
Spain
Alcatel-Thales III-V Lab
France
CNR IBP
Italy
ENEA
Italy
INSTM
Italy
Aalto University Foundation
Finland
Direction Nationale du Renseignement et des Enquêtes Douanières
France
CUSTOM
17
SECURITY RESEARCH
Security of the Citizens
DIRAC / Rapid screening and identification of illegal drugs by IR absorption
© G.K. - Fotolia.com
spectroscopy and gas chromatography
Project objectives
The goal of this project is to develop an advanced sensor system that combines miniaturized Gas Chromatography (GC) as its key
chemical separation tool, and Hollow-Fiberbased Infra Red Absorption Spectroscopy (HFIRAS) as its key analytical tool to recognize and
detect illicit drugs and precursors. Currently,
GC-IRAS (through FTIR implementation) is, together with GC-Mass Spectrometry, the most
powerful technique for the identification and
quantification of amphetamines. However, so
far it has been implemented only as benchtop instrumentation for forensic applications
and bulk analysis. In DIRAC, the use of micromachined GC columns, solid state lasers,
and hollow fibres IR, will allow to develop
a sensor that features hand-portability and
prompt response –for field operation– and is
capable to perform both bulk and trace analysis. The DIRAC sensor will further feature a) an
advanced sampling device, that separates the
analyte from larger amounts of materials by
electrostatic charging; and, b), an advanced
micro-machined pre-concentrator that treats
sequentially both volatile ATS substances and
non volatile ammonium salts.
that is in terms of False Positive and False
Negative Probabilities.
»»Phase 3 (12 months), where the sensor is
The Work-Plan further includes a WP0 (Management) and a WP9 (dissemination and exploitation of results), both active along the full
duration of the project.
tested, optimized and validated.
The main Work Package (WP) active in phase 1
is WP1, where a review is made of the target
chemicals (amphetamines, precursors, and
street compounds) and of the operational
requirements for the sensor.
WPs active in phase 2 are:
»»WP2, where the sensing prototype is developed, with its strategies, procedures, and
process controls
»»WP3, that develops the sampling module,
with its methods and procedures
»»WP4, that develops the pre-concentration
module, with its methods and procedures
»»WP5, that develops the HF-IRAS module,
with its methods and procedures
»»WP6, that develops the GC separation and
Expected results
The main output of the project will be the
initial prototype of a sensor capable to
provide real support to customs officers in
their daily fight against the trafficking and
distribution of illicit drugs. The prototype is
therefore expected to show:
»»Reliability (ability to reject interferents);
»»Hand portability;
»»Fast response (few minutes);
»»Good sensitivity (tens of nano-grams or
better);
»»Broad chemical spread (sensitivity towards
different drugs and precursors);
detection module, with its methods and
procedures
»»Identification capacity, (ability to distin-
The project has a duration of 42 months, and
is divided into three phases as follows:
»»WP7, that develops the Expert System as a
guish one target compound from another
at least on a family base).
»»Phase 1 (6 months), where requirements
The main WP active in phase 3 is WP8, where
the sensor is tested and validated in the lab
and through a small-scale field-campaign,
and performance is assessed quantitatively,
Description of the work
are reviewed;
»»Phase 2 (24 months), where the sensor is
18
developed together with its sensing modules, techniques and procedures;
DIRAC
pattern recognition and learning machine.
Information
Acronym :
DIRAC
Grant Agreement N° :
242309
Total Cost :
€ 4,256,753.33
Coordinator :
CONSORZIO CREO
Centro Ricerche Elettro-Ottiche
SS 17 Localita Boschetto
L’Aquila 67100
Italy
—
EU Contribution :
€ 2,987,717
Starting Date :
01/06/2010
Contact :
Sandro Mengali
Tel: +39-0862346210
Fax: +39-0862346201
Website : www.consorziocreo.it
Duration :
42 months
Partners
NAME
Consorzio CREO- Centro Ricerche Elettro-Ottiche
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung E.V
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
EADS Deutschland GMBH
COUNTRY
Italy
Germany
Italy
Germany
ELSAG DATAMAT S.p.A.
Italy
Universite de Lausanne
Switzerland
Universitatea Dunarea de Jos Din Galati
Romania
Institut National de Criminalistiek en Criminologie
Belgium
National Bureau of Investigation
Finland
Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e la Tecnologia dei Materiali
Italy
DIRAC
19
SECURITY RESEARCH
Security of the Citizens
HEMOLIA / Hybrid Enhanced Money Laundering Intelligence,
© Fotolia.com
Investigation, Incrimination and Alerts
20
Project objectives
Description of the work
HEMOLIA contributes to disrupting, deterring and dismantling criminal financing
networks in the fight against terrorist activities by providing a full picture of money
laundering networks. It contributes to reveal
money laundering criminals and their connections to terrorism and organized crime
due to the novel use of telecom information
and due to the use, exchange and processing of relevant data according to the Anti
Money Laundering legal framework. The enhanced approach of HEMOLIA significantly
improves the detection of money laundering
by encouraging the sharing of information
with better use of the existing legal framework, and by ensuring the transparency and
harmonization of the procedures between
the Law Enforcement Agencies. The use of
financial and telecom data together raise
the level of Money Laundering detection.
The information sharing is improved by
HEMOLIA both at the national and at the
international level.
HEMOLIA is a new generation Anti-Money
Laundering (AML) intelligent multi-agent alert
and investigation system which in addition to
the traditional financial data makes extensive
use of modern society’s huge telecom data
source, thereby opening up a new dimension
of capabilities to all Money Laundering fighters (FIUs, LEAs) and Financial Institutes (Banks,
Insurance Companies, etc.). Adding the Telecom Plane to the existing Financial Plane
may improve and dramatically change AML
doctrines, since another dimension is added
to the analysis and investigation processes.
HEMOLIA
HEMOLIA, taking into account existing legal
frameworks, will hybridize and correlate the
Financial and Telecom Planes in order to create
richer and more accurate alerts, intelligence
and investigation tools, as well as information
sharing, both nationally and internationally.
A major part of HEMOLIA will be the legal research and provision of legal guidelines to all
ML fighters. To respect privacy rights HEMOLIA
will bring a new model of Push Privacy Preserving Alerts where all FIUs and FIs are pushed
with alerts that mark a transaction or customer
with a money laundering / fraud risk level or
risk probability, yet without disclosing any private data. This model may have outstanding
impact on AML because it means that FIs will
be alerted based on data of all other FIs and
based on Telecom service providers at the
national and international level, opening up
a new era of Money Laundering and financial
crime reporting by FIs to FIUs.
Expected results
HEMOLIA’s technological impact is twofold.
On the one hand HEMOLIA generates an intelligent Anti Money Laundering Alerts system
based on financial data providing the basis of
future AML systems. On the other hand, the
hybridization between financial and telecommunication data analysis is a breakthrough approach to Money Laundering prevention and
contributes to the technological challenges
involved in obtaining and analyzing such data.
Information
Acronym :
HEMOLIA
Grant Agreement N° :
261710
Total Cost :
€ 4,361,945
EU Contribution :
€ 2,979,390
Starting Date :
01/05/2011
Duration :
36 months
Coordinator :
VERINT SYSTEMS LTD.
—
33 Maskit St Herzliya,
46733 Israel
—
Contact :
Gideon Hazzani
Tel. : +972 9 9622596
Phone : +972 9 9622596
Fax : +972 9 962 4747
E-mail : Gideon.Hazzani@verint.com
Website : http://verint.com/corporate/
Partners
NAME
Verint Systems Ltd.
COUNTRY
Israel
MINISTRY OF JUSTICE
Denmark
OFICIUL NATIONAL DE PREVENIRE SI COMBATERE A SPALARII BANILOR
Romania
APLICACIONES EN INFORMATICA AVANZADA SA
CAPGEMINI NEDERLAND BV
Spain
The Netherlands
ZWIAZEK BANKOW POLSKICH IZBA GOSPODARCZA
Poland
UNIWERSYTET WROCLAWSKI
Poland
VERENIGING VOOR CHRISTELIJK HOGER ONDERWIJS WETENSCHAPPELIJK ONDERZOEK
EN PATIENTENZORG
The Netherlands
SWITCHLEGAL ADVOCATEN
The Netherlands
TELEKOMUNIKACJA POLSKA S.A.
Poland
Industrial Research Institute for Automation and Measurements PIAP
Poland
Ernst & Young
Israel
HEMOLIA
21
SECURITY RESEARCH
Security of the Citizens
INDECT / Intelligent information system supporting observation,
© Andy Dean- Fotolia.com
searching and detection for security of citizens in urban environment
Project objectives
The main objectives of the INDECT project are:
»»to develop a platform for the registration
and exchange of operational data, acquisition of multimedia content, intelligent
processing of all information and automatic detection of threats and recognition of
unusual behaviour or violence,
»»to develop the prototype of an integrated,
network-centric system supporting the operational activities of police officers, providing techniques and tools for observation
of various mobile objects,
»»to develop a new type of search engine
combining direct search of images and
video based on watermarked contents
and the storage of metadata in the form
of digital watermarks, and
»»to develop a set of techniques supporting
surveillance of internet resources, analysis
of the acquired information and detection
of criminal activities and threats.
Description of the work
While taking fully into account privacy issues,
the INDECT project’s main aim is the elaboration of a concept, method and technology for
intelligent monitoring of objects and urban
areas for the purpose of automatic detection of threats related to crime, terrorism and
violence acts. The INDECT system will contain
many novel solutions based on multimedia
22
INDECT
technologies and intelligent monitoring of
objects and areas. The INDECT concept of the
multimedia platform assumes the elaboration
of a distributed system whose principal element is an autonomous node station designed
for the purposes defined in the project. The
automatic data acquisition station will be used
to acquire data, signals and images from the
surveyed area, then to pre-process the data
intelligently and transmit the gathered information to the remote servers. The distributed
data processing system, provided with huge
computational power and a vast repository
of knowledge connected also to a spatial information system, will be programmed in a
way that will allow the automatic detection of
behaviours that could pose a potential threat
to security and safety.
The integral part of the INDECT proposed research consists of the integration of security
systems with emergent wireless communication systems and self-organizing computer networks in order to achieve their interoperability
for extraction, processing, distribution and supporting of security information on citizens of
urban environments. INDECT plans to carry
out the research in several parallel directions:
»»monitoring of various people clusters and
detection of unusual behaviour and situations of danger,
»»development and evaluation of complex
multimodal biometric procedures and systems for people authentication/verification
(e.g. in schools, hospitals, offices, etc.) and
for people recognition/identification (e.g.
in order to identify specific persons in chosen situations of danger),
»»intelligence gathering from the web and
monitoring of suspicious activities in the
Internet,
»»development of automatic people-notification services using emergent wireless
communication systems and self-organizing computer networks, and
»»development of watermarking technology
and new type of search engine.
Expected results
The main expected results of the INDECT
project are:
»»to realise a trial installation of the monitoring and surveillance system in various
points of city agglomeration,
»»implementation of a distributed computer
system that is capable of acquisition, storage and effective sharing,
»»construction of a semantic search engine
for fast detection of persons and documents based on watermarking,
»»construction of a network of agents assigned to continuous and automatic monitoring of public resources, and
»»elaboration of internet based intelligence
gathering system, both active and passive.
Information
Acronym :
INDECT
Grant Agreement N° :
218086
Total Cost :
€ 14,863,988
EU Contribution :
€ 10,906,984
Starting Date :
01/01/2009
Duration :
60 months
Coordinator :
AKADEMIA GÓRNICZO-HUTNICZA
IM. STANISŁAWA STASZICAW KRAKOWIE
Department of Telecommunications/Faculty of Electrical
Engineering, Automatics, Computer Science and Electronics
al. Mickiewicza 30
PL 30059 Krakow
Poland
—
Contact :
Prof. Andrzej Dziech
Tel : +48-12-6172616
Mobile: +48-607720845
Fax : +48-12-6342372
E-mail : dziech@kt.agh.edu.pl
Website : www.indect-project.eu/
Partners
NAME
AGH – University of Science and Technology
Apertus
Gdansk University of Technology
InnoTec DATA GmbH & Co. KG
COUNTRY
Poland
Hungary
Poland
Germany
IP Grenoble (Ensimag)
France
MSWiA – General Headquarters of Police (Polish Police)
Poland
Moviquity
Spain
Products and Systems of Information Technology
Germany
Police Service of Northern Ireland
United Kingdom
Poznan University of Technology
Poland
Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
Technical University of Sofia
University of Wuppertal
Spain
Bulgaria
Germany
University of York
United Kingdom
Technical University of Ostrava
Czech Republic
Technical University of Kosice
Slovakia
X-Art Pro Division G.m.b.H.
Austria
Fachhochschule Technikum Wien
Austria
INDECT
23
SECURITY RESEARCH
Security of the Citizens
© paolo toscani - Fotolia.com
LOTUS / Localisation of Threat Substances in Urban Society
Project objectives
Description of the work
Expected results
The overall objective of the LOTUS project
is to develop a new anti-terrorism tool for
law enforcement agencies in the form of
an integrated surveillance system for continuous chemical background monitoring
with mobile detectors in order to identify
“chemical hotspots”, such as bomb or drug
factories.
The goal of LOTUS is to use an innovative
approach to monitor illicit production of
explosives and drugs, thus stopping terrorist attacks at an early stage and preventing
produced drugs to get as far as the street.
A number of key components necessary to
achieve the goal have been identified:
»»• knowledge of the threat and dispersion
of threat
»»• substances, sensors for their detection,
system
»»• communication, information management,
»»• testing & verification and a field demonstration.
Detection of explosives has traditionally
been focused on detection when an explosive charge is already ready for use, being
transported to or already at the scene of an
attack. Preventing terrorist attacks while they
are already in motion is extremely difficult.
Not only is it difficult to find an explosive on
a person or in a bag but one must also face
the need to do this in a very short time and
then immediately implement measures for
countering the attack once a possible suspect or suspicious object has been found.
The capability to intervene at an earlier stage
is therefore of very high importance and testing whether the LOTUS system is a viable
concept for finding the bomb/drug factory
is the expected result for the LOTUS research.
The LOTUS project aims to create a system
by which illicit production of explosives and
drugs can be detected during the production stage rather than preventing terrorist
attacks while they are already in motion,
which is extremely difficult. The LOTUS
concept is aimed at detecting chemical
signatures over a wide urban area. The
detectors may be placed at fixed positions
although most detectors should be mobile.
These distributed detectors continuously
sample air while its carrier performs its daily
work. When a suspicious substance is detected in elevated amounts, information
about the type, location, amount and time
is registered and sent to a data collection
and evaluation centre for analysis. Several
indications in the same area will trigger an
alert, enabling law enforcement agencies to
further investigate and respond on.
Continuous communication with end users
is planned as well as a field demonstration
at the end of the project. The project aims
at demonstrating system capability by the
modification of existing sensors and sensors
in development in order to detect selected
precursors and integrating the sensors in a
network system using existing technology.
By using existing global infrastructures for
positioning (GPS) and networking (GSM,
GPRS or 3G) the LOTUS system can be used
more or less anywhere in the world at relatively small cost for supporting installations
and extra personnel. Special attention will
be given to secure communication. In order
to interpret and present the results it is also
necessary to learn how chemicals around an
illicit production site are dispersed by fullscale measurements and modelling.
The LOTUS early warning system
Prevention and detection of threat substances is a major challenge for intelligence and police
authorities. A system of mobile sensors that report significant levels of compounds in a specific or
random area will give such authorities new complementary information that will significantly increase
their ability to intervene at an early stage.
1. Clandestine production
2. Sensor-equipped vehicles
The production phase of illicit substances such as explosives, toxic agents
or drugs is very difficult to discover by
standard intelligence procedures. With
many such substances, significant
levels of identifiable molecules are
spread in the atmosphere.
All kinds of vehicles (typically police cars, postal vans, fire brigade trucks etc) can be
equipped with a sensor. The sensor is a hidden, independent system that automatically reports its findings. No interaction from the driver is necessary.
4. Operations centre
Information from the sensors is presented on screen in an operations
centre and collated with data from other sources to evaluate potential
threats and level of intervention.
3. Sensors
Sensors identify potentially threatening substances present in the area and send information to
the operations central in the form of a cell phone
text message. Position and time are registered
via GPS.
Sensor
GPS
24
LOTUS
= Sensor-equipped vehicle
Wi nd
Basestation
Information
Acronym :
LOTUS
Grant Agreement N° :
217925
Total Cost :
€ 4,298,593
Coordinator :
SWEDISH DEFENCE RESEARCH AGENCY (FOI)
Department of Energetic Materials
Grindsjön Research Centre
SE-147 25 Tumba
SWEDEN
—
EU Contribution :
€ 3,189,146
Starting Date :
01/01/2009
Duration :
36 months
Contact :
Dr. Sara Wallin
Tel : +46 8 5550 4097
Mobile: +46 709 277008
Fax : +46 8 5550 3949
E-mail : sara.wallin@foi.se
Website : www.lotusfp7.eu
Partners
NAME
COUNTRY
FOI
Sweden
Portendo AB
Sweden
Saab AB
Sweden
Bruker Daltonik GMBH
Germany
Ramem S.A.
Bruhn NewTech A/S
Research and Education Laboratory in Information Technologies
TNO
Spain
Denmark
Greece
The Netherlands
Universidad de Barcelona
Spain
Secrab Security Research
Sweden
LOTUS
25
SECURITY RESEARCH
Security of the Citizens
MiDAS / The development and validation of a rapid millifluidic DNA
© rolffimages - Fotolia.com
analysis system for forensic casework samples
Project objectives
The objective of the project is to specify
and develop a working instrument for the
rapid analysis of DNA from samples recovered from a scene of crime. The system will
be simple to use and require a single input
from the user. The system will be “closed”
and will operate on a fully automated basis such that a sample is simply introduced
into the instrument and no further sample
manipulation is required from the individual.
The development of a closed system for the
DNA as described above brings a number of
advantages to the field of forensic science.
The core scientific and technical objectives
of MiDAS are therefore to:
»»Develop an agreed technical specification
for the instrument and consumables
»»Deliver a prototype integrated instrument
for validation
»»Evaluate the instrument in accordance with
the validation plan and user requirement
»»Evaluate the instrument and cartridge designs to ensure they are fit for manufacture
»»Evaluate the legal requirements for sample
handling and data transfer and protection
»»Determine system validation strategies
for each of the participant member states
Description of the work
Work Package 1 – Technical Specification
Define and agree the specification for a
cartridge-based fully integrated millifluidic
device for forensic DNA analysis. Calling on
all project participants to draw on their own
fields of expertise, WP1 will ensure the sys-
26
MiDAS
tem is defined so as to fulfil internationally
agreed guidelines for the analysis of DNA in
a forensic context.
Work Package 2 – Prototype development
Develop and evaluate the prototype DNA
analysis device. The instrument will be developed to meet the technical specifications as
defined by the Technical Specification Board
(TSB) in WP1 and tested against the agreed
acceptance criteria. Any optimisation of the
final system will take place here and implemented changes will be re-evaluated.
Work Package 3 – Instrument and software
validation
Validate the prototype instrument delivered
from WP2 in accordance with the validation
plan delivered in WP1.
Work Package 4 – Process Integration
Define the process whereby the instrument
is integrated into the forensic organisation
and how it will integrate with current processes. An understanding of the technological, organisational and human implications
of implementation will allow an assessment
of the impact to be made.
Work Package 5 – System Validation &
Implementation
Define, agree and deliver the system validation. This process is likely to be different in different jurisdictions. It is essential therefore to
incorporate knowledge from all the end user
partners in the consortium and to identify
those parties interested in early implementation of the instrument to their own process.
Work Package 6 – Data Protection
Define, agree and deliver the Data Protection
required by the project to industry standards
and EU guidelines.
Work Package 7 – Device and System
Scalability
Produce a number of strategic plans to allow the device to be developed allowing it
to be commercially viable and to consider
manufacturability.
Work Packages 8 and 9 – Dissemination and
Exploitation; Project Management
Work Package 8 (Dissemination & Exploitation) together with Work Package 9 (Project
Management and Reporting to the EC) will
ensure effective project management and
communication with the EC.
Work in WP8 will also evaluate the impact
the successful implementation of a rapid
DNA analysis system might have on society
as a whole.
Expected results
MiDAS will deliver simple to operate
automated DNA analysis technology
and will validate this technology and
associated processes required for its
implementation, enabling forensic DNA
analysis to be carried out at the crime
scene. With fast results authorities will
have the opportunity to rapidly compare
the scene samples against DNA profiles
from known criminals or results from
other crime scenes held on national DNA
databases. The project will have dramatic
implications for both criminal justice and
international security, with the ability to
deliver vital intelligence results much
more quickly both in a national sense
and across the EU.
Information
Acronym :
MiDAS
Grant Agreement N° :
242345
Total Cost :
€ 4,688,674.80
EU Contribution :
€ 3,231,404.60
Starting Date :
01/09/2010
Duration :
36 months
Coordinator :
FORENSIC SCIENCE SERVICE LTD
Research and Development
Birmingham Business Park, Solihull Parkway
B37 7YN
United Kingdom
—
Contact :
Cecilia Buffery
Tel.: +441256771521
Mobile: +447824 434158
Fax: +441256771521
E-mail: Cecilia.buffery@fss.pnn.police.uk
Website : www.forensic.gov.uk
Partners
NAME
Grid Xitek Limited (GXD)
Medizinische Universitaet Innsbruck (IMU)
Bundeskriminalamt (BKA)
COUNTRY
United Kingdom
Austria
Germany
Netherlands Forensic Institute (NFI)
Netherlands
Arizona Board of Regents (University of Arizona- UoA)
United States
MiDAS
27
SECURITY RESEARCH
Security of the Citizens
ODYSSEY / Strategic pan-european ballistics intelligence platform
© Dwight Davis - Fotolia.com
for combating organised crime and terrorism
Project objectives
The threat from organised crime and terrorism can undermine the democratic and
economic basis of societies. The result is a
weakening of institutions and loss of confidence in the rule of law. The Odyssey project
undertook research to design and develop
a secure interoperable situation awareness
platform for the EU to combat organised
crime and terrorism. The Platform focuses
on the ability for information to be obtained
using advanced semantic knowledge extraction and data-mining techniques to facilitate
fast, responsible decision making. The benefits are mutual co-operation, security and
sustainability across the EU.
The objective was to develop a secure interoperable platform for automated information analysis to combat organised crime
and terrorism:
»»Create European Standards for ballistics
data collection, storage and sharing.
»»Secure interoperable platform for ballistic
information management.
»»Automated sharing, processing, and analysis of ballistic data.
28
»»Ability to exploit automated and semi-
»»Developing knowledge extraction algo-
»»New and improved methods for compari-
rithms and defining methodologies for
mining and pattern discovery.
son of micro- and nano-forensics that supplement current approaches.
»»Setting up a ballistic prediction, detection,
»»The ability for EU Member States to man-
and monitoring tool.
age security, access and report in cost effective ways.
»»Building an info-broker ballistic framework
»»Enhance mutual co-operation, security and
»»Creating a policy driven data exchange
sustainability across the EU.
for knowledge process modelling.
platform.
Description of the work
Results
The project was divided into seven work
packages.
The results of the project are available on the
website of the project www.odyssey-project.
eu and the CORDIS website http://cordis.
europa.eu/fp7/security.The exploitation of
legacy systems.
This included work packages for management and dissemination.
The project technical work packages consisted of the following:
»»Intelligence Ballistic data capture and
knowledge extraction.
»»Ballistic risk management process support.
»»Ability to undertake data-mining and
»»Extended interoperability layer for semanti-
knowledge extraction to tackle organised
crime and terrorism across the EU. This will
allow com-plex conclusions to be generated for appropriate and fast decision
making.
cally managing the Odyssey platform. The
realisation of the above will result in:
ODYSSEY
data through a semantically enhanced
metadatabase.
automated data processing techniques.
This will have the capability to generate a
‘Red Flag’ situation awareness alert.
»»Acquiring integrated data including future multimedia sources and enriching
Information
Acronym :
ODYSSEY
Grant Agreement N° :
218237
Total Cost :
€ 3,821,599
EU Contribution :
€ 2,400,000
Starting Date :
01/11/2008
Coordinator :
SHEFFIELD HALLAM UNIVERSITY
Howard Street
UK - S1 1WB Sheffield
United Kingdom
—
Contact :
Professor B. Akhgar
Tel : +44(0)114 225 6770
Fax : +44(0)114 225 6931
E-mail : b.akhgar@shu.ac.uk
Website : www.odyssey-project.eu
End Date :
31/04/2011
Partners
NAME
SHEFFIELD HALLAM UNIVERSITY (SHU)
COUNTRY
United Kingdom
AN GARDA SIOCHANA (AGS)
Ireland
ATOS ORIGIN SOCIEDAD ANONIMA ESPANOLA (Atos)
Spain
ECOLE ROYALE MILITAIRE - KONINKLIJKE MILITAIRE SCHOOL (RMA)
Belgium
EUROPEAN POLICE OFFICE (EUR)
The Netherlands
FORENSIC PATHWAYS LIMITED (FPL)
United Kingdom
MINISTERIO DELL’INTERNO (DAC)
Italy
MIP - CONSORZIO PER L’INNOVAZIONE NELLA GESTIONE DELLE IMPRESE
E DELLA PUBBLICA AMMINISTRAZIONE (MIP)
Italy
North Yorkshire Police Authority (North Yorkshire Police)
United Kingdom
SAS SOFTWARE LIMITED (SAS)
United Kingdom
SESA - COMMERCE HANDELSGMBH (SESA)
WEST MIDLANDS POLICE AUTHORITY (WMP)
XLAB RAZVOJ PROGRAMSKE OPREME IN SVETOVANJE D.O.O. (XLAB)
Austria
United Kingdom
Slovenia
ODYSSEY
29
SECURITY RESEARCH
Security of the Citizens
© Eline Spek - Fotolia.com
OPTIX / Optical technologies for identification of explosives
Project objectives
Terrorism, as evidenced by recent tragic events
(Madrid 2004, London 2005, New York 2001),
is a real and growing threat to Europe and the
world. Attacks using Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs) appear in the news every day. More
than 60% of terrorist attacks are carried out by
the use of such explosive devices.
Security forces demand new tools to fight
against this threat. One of the most demanded
capabilities by end users is that of standoff detection and identification of explosives. Today’s
technologies are not able to provide these capabilities with the required minimum reliability.
The objective of the project is to contribute to
increasing the security of the European citizens
by the development of a transportable system
for the standoff detection and identification
of explosives in real scenarios at distances of
around 20 metres (sensor to target), using
alternative or simultaneous analysis by three
different complementary optical technologies
(LIBS, RAMAN, IR).
Description of the work
The project activities of OPTIX have been broken down in ten work packages and distributed
along 42 months.
OPTIX will perform important progress beyond
the state of the art in three different ways:
»»Specific developments regarding the individual core technologies (LIBS, RAMAN and
30
OPTIX
IR) for standoff detection and identification
of explosives.
»»Specific developments of the enabling
technologies being addressed in the
project: lasers, spectrometry, optics and
data fusion and analysis.
ance and results both at public and restricted
levels, as well as definition and carrying out the
initial exploitation of the outcomes and foreground of OPTIX. Workshops with end users
and other potential stakeholders will take place.
Expected results
»»Integration of all technological develop-
»»Improved capabilities of LIBS, RAMAN and
ments onto a single system to leverage
and enhance the individual capabilities for
the standoff detection and identification
of explosives.
IR for the detection of explosives at standoff distances.
»»Enhanced spectrometrics for an Integrated
OPTIX system.
First stage will be dedicated to the System Definition. The project consortium will perform a
focused research on the core optical technologies addressed by the project. Scenarios and
system requirements will be defined. This is a
key stage for the success and final usefulness
of the system from the end user’s point of view.
Workshops with end users will be organised.
Technology development of LIBS, RAMAN, IR
(core technologies) and laser, spectrometry,
optics and data fusion (enabling technologies)
will follow.
Phase three is System Integration, where a
single platform will be developed.
Testing will be carried out in laboratories and
also in real environment scenarios, adequately
supported by end users. Evaluation of results
will follow.
Dissemination and Exploitation will provide
information of the project’s activities, perform-
»»Advanced data fusion and chemometrics
algorithms.
»»A technology demonstrator capable of
detecting explosive traces at distances of
20 metres.
»»Demonstrated capabilities of the developed system to end users and to additional
stakeholders as needed.
Information
Acronym :
OPTIX
Grant Agreement N° :
218037
Total Cost :
€ 3,289,855
Coordinator :
INDRA SISTEMAS S.A
Security Systems
Paseo del Club Deportivo, 1. Edif.5
28223-Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid)
Spain
—
EU Contribution :
€ 2,487,556
Starting Date :
01/11/2008
Duration :
42 months
Contact :
Carlos de Miguel
Tel :+(34) 91 257 95 73
Mobile: + (34) 650 505 091
Fax :+ (34) 91 257 70 18
E-mail : cdemiguel@indra.es
Website : www.fp7-optix.eu
Partners
NAME
Indra Sistemas S.A
University of Malaga
FOI
COUNTRY
Spain
Spain
Sweden
EKSPLA UAB
Lithuania
AVANTES BV.
The Netherlands
Technical University of Clausthal
Germany
Vienna University of Technology
Austria
University of Dortmund
Guardia Civil
Germany
Spain
OPTIX
31
SECURITY RESEARCH
Security of the Citizens
PREVAIL / Precursors of explosives: Additives to inhibit their
© Courtesy of Technion-Israel Institute of Technology
use including liquids
Project objectives
The PREVAIL project is an innovative approach
to inhibit the use of some common materials
for use as precursors to explosives and to allow
for easier detection. Home made explosives are
easy to make from readily available materials
used for legitimate purposes in everyday life.
This availability attracts terrorists and criminals
to manufacture and use home made explosives
since military and commercial explosives are
harder to come by. A great security problem to
society today is the availability of these chemicals since they are very easily attainable.
There are basically three different approaches
to increase the security related to these materials; 1) limiting their availability, 2) tracking their
use or 3) limiting their usefulness as explosives
or explosives precursors.
This third approach is the way forward and the
goal for the PREVAIL project.
Description of the work
The PREVAIL project focus on finding inhibitors to add to some precursors to prevent
them from being used to produce home
made explosives or to prevent them from
32
PREVAIL
being concentrated by boiling of water. A
second goal in the PREVAIL project is to find
markers to add to certain precursors to ensure easier detection. PREVAIL will perform
research into a marker/detection system
rather than just the markers, in order to ensure detectability of the markers. The found
markers must be environmentally friendly,
non-toxic and bio-degradable. Honey- bees,
micro crystals and fluorescence light will be
tested as detectors for these added markers and micro encapsulation will be used
for slow and controlled release. For a successful project, the objectives must be met:
without causing any adverse effects on the
environment or on people’s health and without obstructing the legitimate use of these
materials. Since this project will strongly
influence manufacturers, users, legislators
and governmental security agencies, the ties
between the project and the stakeholders is
strong. The industrial partners will identify
if added inhibitors and markers need extra
testing for safety. A road map for future Research and Development work and actions
(as well as regulatory) will be prepared. Close
collaboration with the Standing Committee
on Explosives Precursors is necessary since
PREVAIL does not want to duplicate work
already done by that committee.
Expected results
A successful project will make it more difficult for terrorist and other miss users to
use some precursors to manufacture improvised explosives devices. Further, a successful
project will also ensure easier detection of
some precursors that today are “invisible” by
adding markers and by developing a detector to that marker. Also, the usefulness of the
developed additives for other precursors not
included in this project will be assessed in
the road map for future work and required
future research will be indicated.
Information
Acronym :
PREVAIL
Grant Agreement N° :
241858
Total Cost :
€ 4,295,469
Coordinator :
Totalförsvarets forskningsinstitut
Department of Energetic Materials
Grindsjön Research Centre
SE-147 25 Tumba
Sweden
—
EU Contribution :
€ 3,343,162
Starting Date :
01/09/2010
Duration :
36 months
Contact :
Malin Kölhed
Tel. : +46 (0)8 5550 4197
Mobile : +46 (0)70 9277010
Fax : +46 (0)8 5550 3949
E-mail : Malin.kolhed@foi.se
Website : www.prevail-fp7.eu
Partners
NAME
Totalförsvarets forskningsinstiut (FOI)
Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast natuurwetenschappelijk onderzoek (TNO)
Technion – Israel Institute of Technology (Technion)
COUNTRY
Sweden
The Netherlands
Israel
Arkema France (Arkema)
France
KCEM AB (KCEM)
Sweden
Yara International ASA (Yara)
Norway
Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA)
France
Wojskowy Instytut Higieny i Epidemiologii (WIHiE)
Poland
SECRAB Security Research (SECRAB)
Sweden
PREVAIL
33
SECURITY RESEARCH
Security of the Citizens
RAPTOR / Rapid deployable, gas generator assisted inflatable mobile
© Ivan Tykhyi - Fotolia.com
security kits for ballistic protection of European civilians against crime and
terrorist attacks
Project objectives
The objective of the project is the development of a mobile, rapid deployable and
inflatable structure for ballistic protection of
European civilians against threat scenarios,
such as crime and terrorist attacks.
»»Performance requirements of protection kit,
»»Selection of ballistic protection textiles ap-
»»individuals,
»»The final tests of the demonstrators will
brigades, etc.
Description of the work
»»Definition of threat scenarios such as acts
of terrorism and organised crime. Based
on these scenarios, specifications for the
development of the security kit are defined
and criteria for the demonstration of their
effective performance derived.
»»Development of textiles and coatings for
ballistic protection with respect to foldability, light weight and environmental
influence.
»»Development of textiles and coatings for
inflatable structures and suitable coverings
for transport and storage.
»»Development and characterization of a gas
RAPTOR
»»Compilation of threat scenarios,
chamber designs with respect to small size
and light weight.
»»Consolidation of the demonstrators will
»»humanitarian workers, e.g. Red Cross, fire
Expected results
»»Evaluation and testing of combustion
Tailored solutions are to be developed for
supporting the prevention of or the response to, threat scenarios by European
security forces. The scope is on protecting:
»»general security of events,
34
generator formulation with high mass specific gas output, low gas temperature and
non-toxic gas components.
comprise the incorporation of all basic systems e.g. gas generator, ballistic protection
design and the inflatable structure.
be done according to the defined threat
scenarios. The results will be reviewed according to the goals set out at the start of
the project.
»»Development of a dissemination plan of
the results and knowledge obtained in the
project.
propriate to security kits requirements,
»»Development of textiles and coatings for
inflatable structures,
»»Ballistic testing to explore the effectiveness
of multi-layer set-up,
»»Gas generator composition characterised by
high gas output and fast burning behaviour
»»Adjusting of gas generator module to assure
reliable inflation,
»»Consolidation,
»»Final testing of demonstrators, and
»»Innovation plan, exploitation plan and feasibility study.
Information
Acronym:
RAPTOR
Grant Agreement N°:
218259
Total Cost:
€ 2,849,867.76
EU Contribution:
€ 2,060,995.13
Starting Date:
01/01/2010
Duration:
48 months
Coordinator :
FRAUNHOFER (FHG-ICT)
Institut für Chemische Technologie ICT
Joseph-von-Fraunhoferstr. 7
76327 Pfinztal
Germany
—
Contact :
Dr. Norbert Eisenreich
Tel +49 (0)721 4640 138
Fax +49 (0)721 4640 538
Dipl.-Ing. Johanna Schubert
Tel +49 (0)721 4640 249
Fax +49 (0)721 4640 111
Website : http://www.ict.fraunhofer.de
Partners
NAME
FRAUNHOFER (FHG-ICT)
Bundeskriminalamt (BKA)
Explosia
Fraunhofer (FhG-ICT) (Coordinator)
Lanco
P-D Interglas
COUNTRY
Germany
Germany
Czech Republic
Germany
Germany
United Kingdom
RAPTOR
35
SECURITY RESEARCH
Security of the Citizens
© SALIANT
SALIANT / Selective Antibodies Limited Immuno Assay Novel Technology
Project objectives
SALIANT is focussed on developing a handheld device for real-time analysis of trace
levels of explosives, chemicals and drugs. The
key innovation is a positive detection lateralflow test for small molecules that is highly
sensitive and simple to use making it ideally
suited to deployment by First Responders at
crime scenes and terrorist incidents.
SALIANT offers a system based on a small
bindable moiety that is first conjugated close
to the binding site of a primary antibody
against the analyte such that when analyte
binds the antibody, the moiety can still be
bound by a labelled secondary antibody.
A large reagent-analogue of the analyte is
also introduced, binding analyte-unbound
primary antibody, and thereby blocking
binding of the secondary antibody to the
moiety. Thus the more analyte present, the
more binding of secondary antibody occurs
and more signal is produced.
Description of the work
Lateral flow immunodiagnostics has long
offered the promise of fast, high quality
testing for substances of low molecular
weight. There have however been very real
challenges to bringing the full power of such
technology to bear in this area. What is required is a robust system in which there is no
observable signal in the absence of analyte,
and even low level samples give an obvious
observable signal over this zero background.
36
SALIANT
The SALIANT project is divided into several
technical work packages which comprise
research and development of sampling and
detection methods, technology integration
and demonstration of practical device application in forensic laboratories and first
responder scenarios.
Expected results
An initial specification process will ensure
that target molecules and application scenarios are catered for in the development of
sampling technologies. This is followed by
development of the SAL Universal detection system and in parallel the development
of the Apposition detection system to give
complementary dipstick and read-out systems respectively. The device will be further
developed and integrated with sampling
and detection technologies before practical
demonstrations in both laboratory and first
responder scenarios.
»»Deliver a mobile, hand-held system for
A work package is also dedicated to the
dissemination of results which will not only
spread awareness of the knowledge gained
between project partners and the wider
security industry research and technology
community but also promote and develop
synergy between the security sector, security
industry and academia through common
training activities and workshops.
»»Demonstrate Immunoassay based technology for detection of small molecular weight
analytes relevant to the needs of specific
end users targeting explosives and chemical toxins.
non-invasive sampling, detection, readout, display, storage, retrieval and secure
communication of results.
»»Equip First responders and Forensic Scientists at major crime scenes with high
performance, simple to use real-time technology that can support risk assessment,
evidence collection and information guided
investigation.
Information
Acronym:
SALIANT
Grant Agreement N°:
242377
Total Cost:
€ 4,498,088.80
EU Contribution:
€ 3,362,598.60
Starting Date:
01/09/2010
Coordinator :
UNIVERSITY OF NEWCASTLE UPON TYNE
Institute of Cellular medicine
Kensington Terrace 6
NE1 7RU, Newcastle Upon Tyne
United Kingdom
—
Contact :
Colin Self
Tel. : +44 191 223 5604
Fax : +44 191 223 5601
E-mail :c.h.self@ncl.ac.uk
Website : http://www.saliant.eu/
Duration:
36 months
Partners
NAME
Selective Antibodies Limited (SAL)
COUNTRY
United Kingdom
OY REAGENA Ltd (REAG)
Finland
Indicia Biotechnology (IND)
France
Department of Justice, Equality & Law reform (FSL)
Ireland
Zilinska univerzita v ziline (UNIZA)
Slovakia
Netherlands Forensic Institute (NFI)
Netherlands
Applikon Analyzers (APP)
Netherlands
Stichting Dienst Landbouwkundig Onderzoek (DLO-FBR)
Netherlands
Centre of Excellence for Life Sciences Ltd (CELS)
United Kingdom
Kite Innovation (Europe) Limited (KITE)
United Kingdom
SALIANT
37
SECURITY RESEARCH
Security of the Citizens
© SAVEMed
SAVEMed / Microstructure secured and self-verifying medicines
Project objectives
Description of the work
Expected results
Protecting EU-citizens from counterfeit pharmaceuticals – SAVEmed offers comprehensive, user friendly and simple to implement
solutions.
The project aim is to transfer diffractive gratings, random microstructures, micro-barcodes and contrast generating micro-prisms
in hard tools. Moreover, algorithm enabling
cross checking of the secure microstructures
on the product (even through coatings) and
on the package will be developed to ensure the highest level of security possible.
In SAVEmed this direct product marking approach will be realised for pharmaceutical
tablets, injection moulded pharma caps and
laminated sterile pouches.
A) Fabrication of novel overt and covered
self-verifying security features in medical
product.
Nevertheless the approach is applicable to
nearly all other types of medical products.
D) Identification of a technology implementation strategy for different geographic
regions which is based on the analysis
of weak points in the dissemination of
counterfeit pharmaceutical and medical
products by organized crime.
Counterfeit medicinal products are a threat
to the health and safety of patients around
the world. They range from drugs with no
active ingredients to those with dangerous
impurities.
They can be copies of branded drugs, generic drugs or over-the-counter drugs as
well as faked implants or diagnostic devices.
In SAVEmed self-verification security systems
highly relevant for a secure track-and-trace
system for the whole supply chain of a variety of medical products (e.g. solid dosage
forms, pharmaceutical container, medical
implants, and sterile pouches) will be developed. The key of the system is that it will
work independent of external databases. It
will enable the verification of the product’s
genuineness and its correct supply chain
on-site at every step of this chain.
38
SAVEMed
The strategies of criminal organisations will
be analysed and the development will be
adapted to counteract these strategies. Key
advantage of the implementation of secure
microstructures directly in or on the medical
product itself is that no chemical or biological additives and that no costly changes of
production lines are needed. Thus no additional approvals from regulatory agencies
are requested.
B) Experimental proof of cost effective
manufacturing route of tools equipped
with durable micro- and nanostructures.
C) Fast measurement devices developed
capable of identifying the secure microstructures in a variety of – coated and
uncoated – medical products.
Information
Acronym:
SAVEMed
Grant Agreement N°:
261715
Total Cost:
€ 4,248,115
EU Contribution:
€ 3,144,724
Starting Date:
01/04/2011
Duration:
36 months
Coordinator :
NANO-4-U GMBH
N/A
Mozartstrasse 7
N/A
D-76133 Karlsruhe
Germany
—
Contact :
Stefan Klocke
Tel. : +49 (0) 721 182 69 68
Mobile : +49 (0) 176 608 29 741
E-mail : Stefan.klocke@nano4u.net
Website : www.nano4u.net
Partners
NAME
COUNTRY
Heliotis AG
Switzerland
Centre Suisse d’Electronique et Microtechnique SA (CSEM)
Switzerland
SteriPack Ltd.
Ireland
Klocke Holding
Germany
Mauer Sp. z o. o,
Poland
United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute (UNCRI)
NANO4U GmbH
Italy
Germany
SAVEMed
39
SECURITY RESEARCH
Security of the Citizens
SCIIMS / Strategic Crime and Immigration Information
© khwi - Fotolia.com
Management System
Project objectives
»»Development and application of Information Management (IM) and Information
Exploitation (IX) techniques enabling information to be fused and shared nationally and trans-nationally within a secure
information infrastructure in accordance
with European crime and immigration
agencies information needs;
»»Development and application of tools to
assist decision making in order to predict
and analyse likely People Trafficking and
People Smuggling sources, events and
links to organised crime;
»»Utilisation and enhancement of existing
‘State of the Art’ products to develop and
incorporate new capabilities, ‘Beyond State
of the Art’ into product baseline in order
to speed introduction of new innovative
techniques, technologies and systems.
Description of the work
People Trafficking and People Smuggling
has long been a problem for European Governments, adversely affecting the security
of their citizens. In many cases women and
children are forced into the sex trade and
subjected to labour exploitation. In formulating the SCIIMS project the consortium will
focus upon an overarching research question from which the developed capabilities,
40
SCIIMS
demonstration and experiments will be focussed:
“In the European Union context how can new
capabilities improve the ability to search, mine
and fuse information from national, trans-national, private and other sources, to discover
trends and patterns for increasing situational
awareness and improving decision making,
within a secure infrastructure to facilitate the
combating of organised crime and in particular people trafficking/smuggling to enhance
the security of citizens?”
The SCIIMS Consortium will utilise ‘State of
the Art’ products which will form the base capability on which to develop new innovative
capabilities and technologies. This approach
is designed to provide an early exploitation
opportunity for the consortium and the user
groups involved.
Expected results
Research of Information Management and
Information Exploitation techniques in aid
of the combating of organised crime. SCIIMS
will research and develop ‘beyond state of the
art’ technologies and techniques to search,
mine, and fuse information from large heterogeneous data sets. Improving visualisation
techniques of information for sense-making
in order to conduct analysis, detect trends
and improve the understanding and detection of People Trafficking and Smuggling.
SCIIMS will do this through a research capability development and experimentation
programme which will investigate both existing technologies and those currently being researched and developed. This will allow
European agencies to make more effective
decisions and interventions to improve the
security of citizens and in particular the fight
against organised crime.
Information
Acronym :
SCIIMS
Grant Agreement N° :
218223
Total Cost :
€ 3,503,000
EU Contribution :
€ 2,318,996.45
Starting Date :
01/11/2009
Duration :
36 months
Coordinator :
BAE SYSTEMS INTEGRATED SYSTEM
TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
Commercial Department
Lyon Way, Frimley, Camberley
GU16 7EX, Surrey
United Kingdom
—
Contact :
Claire Dance
Tel : 01276 603226
Mobile : +44 (0)7793 423771
Fax : +44 (0)1276 603111
E-mail : claire.dance@baesystems.com
Website : http://www.sciims.co.uk/index.html
Partners
NAME
BAE SYSTEMS INTEGRATED SYSTEM TECHNOLOGIES LTD
COUNTRY
United Kingdom
INDRA SISTEMAS S.A. (INDRA)
Spain
DENODO TECHNOLOGIES SL (DENODO)
Spain
MAGYAR TUDOMANYOS AKADEMIA SZAMITASTECHNIKAI ES AUTOMATIZALASI KUTATO INTEZET (SZTAKI)
Hungary
UNIVERSIDADE DA CORUNA (UDC)
Spain
SELEX SISTEMI INTEGRATI SPA (SSI)
Italy
GREEN FUSION LIMITED (DATA FUSION)
Ireland
SCIIMS
41
SECURITY RESEARCH
Security of the Citizens
TWOBIAS / Two stage rapid biological surveillance and alarm
© il-fede - Fotolia.com
system for airborne threats
Project objectives
automated microfluidic-based platform
with a molecular BIU (detect-to-treat).
The project aim is to develop a demonstrable, modular and “close-to-market” demonstrator of a stationary, reliable, vehicle-portable, low false alarm rate Two Stage Rapid
Biological Surveillance and Alarm System
for Airborne Threats (TWOBIAS) for use at
indoor or outdoor public sites regarded as
targets for bioterrorist attacks.
The project, containing six workpackages,
will enhance the progress of the state-ofart technology by developing a reliable
biological surveillance system TWOBIAS in
order to reduce the total time response for
first responders by focusing on:
The objectives are to:
»»assessing the requirements by users;
1. Establish a command and control software system for TWOBIAS in order to reliably function at a real-life site.
»»reducing false alarm rates by improving
2. Test and evaluate biodetectors in largescale chamber tests, and analyse background interference detection signals at
real-life conditions.
3. Enhance the performance of TWOBIAS using advanced data classification methods.
4. Provide a functional combined two stage
alarm biological detection and identification system.
Description of the work
TWOBIAS includes both detection (BDU –
biological detection unit) and identification
(BIU – biological identification unit) schemes:
»»StageONE: First alarm based on best-in-use
optimized optical BDU (detect-to-warn)
42
»»StageTWO: Second alarm based on highly
TWOBIAS
Expected results
»»An integrated BDU and BIU system with a
two-stage alarm functionality - TWOBIAS.
current BDUs using complementary orthogonal detector techniques obtaining
classification of biological threat agents
during detection;
»»developing improved alarm algorithms for
existing mature and almost mature BDUs;
»»combining the improved BDU with a semiautomatic microfluidic on-site molecular
identification unit (BIU) for multiplex identification of biological threat agents in air;
»»integrating the optimized BDU and BIU to
obtain a demonstrator of TWOBIAS; and
»»using real-life conditions for characterising, improving BDU and performing testing and evaluation of TWOBIAS together
with users.
»»The best-in-use BDU components with accompanying alarm algorithms (StageONE
alarm).
»»A reliable BIU component – automatic microfluidic - molecular (after StageONE
alarm).
»»No (extremely low) false alarm rates.
»»A simulation/model of the real-life test site
and BDU/TWOBIAS.
»»A demonstration of TWOBIAS at a real-life
test.
Information
Acronym:
TWOBIAS
Grant Agreement N°:
FP7 - 242297
Total Cost:
€ 4,935,083.65
EU Contribution:
€ 3,577,834
Coordinator :
NORWEGIAN DEFENCE RESEARCH ESTABLISHMENT
FFI
Norway
—
Contact:
Janet Martha Blatny
Tel. : +47 63807827
Fax : +47 63807509
Starting Date:
01/07/2010
Duration:
3 years
Partners
NAME
FFI
COUNTRY
Norway (lead)
Centre d’Etudes du Bouchet, DGA
France
Dycor Global Solutions Ltd , DGS
Cyprus
TNO
Q-Linea, QL
SUJCHBO, SCB
FOI
The Netherlands
Sweden
Czech Republic
Sweden
Thales, TRT og TSS
France
Uppsala University, UoU
Sweden
TWOBIAS
43
SECURITY RESEARCH
Security of the Citizens
© Fotolia.com
UNCOSS / Underwater coastal sea surveyor
fig.1
Project objectives
The waterways are becoming more and crucial
for coastal economy and paradoxically, such
areas remain very vulnerable to terrorism attacks especially against underwater IED threats.
Coastal regions such as in southern Europe and
south-east Asia are contaminated by different
ammunition left on the sea bottom after war
activities from World War I, II and more recent
conflicts. This represents a constant threat to
the sea traffic, fishermen, tourists and local
populations. The objects on the sea bottom
are of different nature and include torpedoes,
airplane bombs, anti-ship mines, grenades, gun
fuses, ammunition and projectiles of different
calibers. For example, it is estimated that there
are at least 130 000 tons of explosive devices in
the eastern coastal waters of the Adriatic Sea.
This dramatic pollution weakens the economic
development capacity of such regions.
A major challenge is to provide new tools for
keeping naval infrastructure safe: harbours,
ships, coastal areas, ferry terminals, oil and gas
terminals, power/nuclear plants, etc. The main
objective of UNCOSS project is to provide tools
for the non-destructive inspection of underwater objects mainly based on neutron sensor.
This technology used has already been experimented for Land Protection (especially in the
frame of FP6/Euritrack project). The application
44
UNCOSS
fig.2
of this technology for underwater protection
will be a major achievement.
The classical approach for underwater IED detection is mainly based on sonar detection (derived from military development for mine clearance) which can not guarantee if unattended
objects contain explosive. The identification/
classification of underwater objects using classical sensors such as sonar and video cameras,
becomes more and more difficult when facing asymmetrical attacks. The UNCOSS project
is a cost-effective response to new terrorism
threats and provides a fundamental technology for the global issue of maritime surveillance
and port/naval infrastructure protection.
There is no specific device capable of identifying explosive contents of submerged UneXplode Ordnance (UXO) therefore Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) teams at present have
to remove the objects without knowledge of
the explosive charge presence.
Expected results
The end product of this project will be a prototype of a complete coastal survey system
that will make use of a specifically designed
underwater neutron sensor capable of confirming the presence of explosives on the bottom
of the sea, either visible or partially covered
fig.2
by sediments. Such a device will allow a safer
and more efficient removal of explosive devices from the sea bottom of the ports and
elsewhere.
The final demonstration campaign shall perform in Croatia under the supervision of the
IRB which shall be responsible for the management of all licensing and authorization issues.
fig.3
fig.4
fig.5
Figure 1: Torpedo from the World War II
Figure 2: Antiship mines
Figure 3: ECA’s innovative mine killer
with tiltable head
Figure 4: ECA OLISTER MIDS Identification and
destruction of mines
Figure 5: H1000, 1000m rated, remotely
controlled subsea inspection vehicle (ROV)
Information
Acronym :
UNCOSS
Grant Agreement N° :
218148
Total Cost :
€ 4,520,000
Coordinator :
CEA
Le Ponant de Paris
25 Rue Leblanc
F-75015 Paris Cedex 15
France
—
EU Contribution :
€ 2,780,000
Starting Date :
01/12/2008
Contact :
Guillaume Sannie
Tel: +33169085188
Duration :
36 months
Partners
NAME
CEA
COUNTRY
France
ECA S.A.
France
Ruder Boskovic Institute
Croatia
Laseroptronix
Sweden
Jozef Stefan Institute
Slovenia
A.C.T.d.o.o.
Croatia
Port Authority Dubrovnik
Croatia
Port Authority Bar
Port Authority Vukovar
Montenegro
Croatia
UNCOSS
45
SECURITY RESEARCH
Security of infrastructures and utilities
ADABTS / Automatic detection of abnormal behaviour and threats in
© Lv Design - Fotolia.com
crowded spaces
Project objectives
ADABTS aims to facilitate the protection
of EU citizens, property and infrastructure
against threats of terrorism, crime and riots
by the automatic detection of unusual human behaviour.
ADABTS aims to develop models for abnormal and threat behaviours and algorithms
for automatic detection of such behaviours
as well as deviations from normal behaviour
in surveillance data.
ADABTS aims to develop a real-time evaluation platform based on commercially available hardware, in order to enable highperformance low-cost surveillance systems.
Description of the work
ADABTS will gather experts in human factors, signal processing, computer vision, and
surveillance technology. In a first stage, focus
will be on human factors in order to define
and model behaviours. Then, the focus will
be shifted towards automatic analysis of surveillance data (video and audio). Finally, a
demonstration system will be implemented.
ADABTS will create models of behaviour that
can be used to describe behaviours to be
detected and how they can be observed.
Such models will enable the prediction of
the evolution of behaviour, so that potentially threatening behaviour can be detected
as it unfolds, thus enabling pro-active surveillance. In order to detect behaviour defined
46
ADABTS
by these models, advanced methods for sensor data analysis are needed. These methods
should extract sensor data features that can
be coupled to the defined behaviour primitives, and thus detect the presence of the
(potentially) threatening behaviour and to
detect behaviour that is not considered
normal.
ADABTS will develop new and adapt existing
sensor processing methods and algorithms
for detecting and tracking people in complex environments, involving groups of people or crowds. Extracted sensor data features
(e.g. tracks, voice pitches, body articulations)
need to be related to the behaviour primitives, and, moreover, to be dynamic and to
adapt to the context.
ADABTS will adapt the above algorithms to
run on commercially available low-cost hardware architectures consisting of multi-core
CPU’s combined with several multi-stream
GPU’s (Graphical Processing Units). Such
hardware, in rapid development driven by
the game industry, represents a huge potential for high-performance surveillance
systems.
ADABTS will communicate results to the
various kinds of identified actors: security
stakeholders like European and national
authorities, police organisations or event
organizers; security system operators and
security service companies; security system
integrators; technology developers; the research communities for psychology, human
factors, and signal processing communities.
ADABTS will involve all these actors, either as
principal contractors, as subcontractors, or
in an associated stakeholder group.
Expected results
The main impact of the ADABTS project is
expected to be on the technological level,
with advancements in three directions:
Understanding of the user needs for automatic detection of unusual behaviour in
crowds and new definitions of and methods
for describing such behaviour.
Methods and algorithms for unusual behaviour detection based on video and acoustic
sensors.
Real time optimization for commercially
available low-cost hardware, including an
on-line demonstration of capabilities at a
football stadium.
Information
Acronym :
ADABTS
Grant Agreement N° :
218197
Total Cost :
€ 4,478,990
EU Contribution :
€ 3,229,034
Starting Date :
01/06/2009
Coordinator:
TOTALFORSVARETS FORSKNINGSINSTITUT (FOI)
Division of Information Systems
Postal Box: 1165
Sweden - SE-58111 Linköping
—
Contact :
Jörgen Ahlberg
Tel : +4613378068
Mobile: +46706757384
Fax : +4613378287
E-mail : adabts_coordinator@foi.se
Duration :
48 months
Partners
NAME
FOI
BAE Systems
Detec A/S
Home Office Scientific Development Branch
Institute of Psychology – Ministry of the Interior
SINTEF
COUNTRY
Sweden
United Kingdom
Norway
United Kingdom
Bulgaria
Norway
TNO
The Netherlands
University of Amsterdam
The Netherlands
ADABTS
47
SECURITY RESEARCH
Security of infrastructures and utilities
ARENA / Architecture for the recognition of threats to mobile assets
© Kristian Peetz - Fotolia.com
using networks of multiple affordable sensors
Project objectives
Description of the work
The objective of ARENA is to develop methods for automatic detection and recognition of threats, based on multisensory data
analysis. Research objectives include:
ARENA addresses the design of a flexible
surveillance system for detection and recognition of threats towards deployment
on mobile critical assets/platforms such as
trucks, trains, vessels, and oil rigs. There is a
substantial end-user need for intelligent and
continuous proactive monitoring to enable
situational awareness and determination of
potential threats enabling timely and appropriate response.
»»To robustly and autonomously detect
threats to critical mobile assets in large
unpredictable environments.
»»To reduce number and impact of false
alarms towards optimized decision making.
»»To demonstrate automatic threat detection
for the land case (truck).
»»To demonstrate an integrated, scalable and
easy to deploy monitoring system.
»»To assess automated threat detection for
the land case (train) and the maritime case
(vessel, oil rig).
»»To evaluate detection performance and
contribute to standards.
»»To respect and respond to social, legal and
ethical issues arising through the design,
implementation and deployment.
48
ARENA
ARENA has a stakeholder group which consists of representatives from the land case
and the maritime case.
The project will be carried out as an iterative
systems development project. First, a threat
analysis, development of user scenarios and
user interaction will result in user requirements on the ARENA surveillance system
for mobile platforms (WP2). The input will
be used to develop the generic system architecture (WP3) and the different components necessary for the testbed (developed
in WP4); the object assessment (WP5), the
situation assessment (WP6), and the threat
recognition (WP7). These components will
to a large extent be developed in parallel,
thus requiring much interaction between
the work packages. The results from WP3,
WP5, WP6 and WP7 (the latter including inputs from WP5 and WP6) are continuously
integrated in the system testbed developed
in WP4.
Once the testbed is completed, the remainder of the project deals with demonstrations and evaluations of the ARENA
concept and system, providing experiences
and feedback to the user requirements, to
the generic architecture, to the different
research areas related to the components
and to the test bed/system itself. Demonstrations will take place using the scenarios
as developed in WP2, involving a truck case.
Evaluation will be performed by means of
testing and experimentation, using a thoroughly designed testing methodology.
The Stakeholder Group will be involved
throughout the Project.
Expected results
The expected result of ARENA is a system
consisting of low cost sensors which are easy
to deploy. The system will be adaptable to
various platforms and increase the situation
awareness.
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